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A Tree Grows in Australia

By John Pieret

John Wilkins has a post on the origin of tree diagrams in taxonomy. As John notes:

According to the received history, tree diagrams were either entirely new with Darwin or go back to Aristotle, depending on how you define things.

John discusses an example by the German naturalist, Peter Simon Pallas, in his Elenchus Zoophytorum (1766). As it happens, I was reading Michael Ruse's Monad to Man and was at the exact page where Ruse gives the above diagram by Martin Barry from 1837. Ruse's description (p. 111) is:

BloDevelopmental tree as envisioned by the Scottish physician Martin Barry (1837, 346), an attempt to illustrate von Baer's theory of embryology. Although von Baer was critical of the excesses of Naturphilosophie, Barry manages to give a firmly progressionist message, with Man prominently ensconced at the top. We do not know whether Darwin saw this picture before he drew his own tree diagrams (see Chapter 4), but clearly such ideas were in the air. There is no suggestion that Barry, unlike Darwin, was promoting evolution.

It's not as early as John's reference (which had a description of a tree but no diagram) but interesting nonetheless.
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Full post as published by Thoughts in a Haystack on April 11, 2009 (boomark / email).